Editoriale | pp. 5
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Stefan Berger - Le vie e le false piste del socialismo democratico. Il rapporto del Labour Party e della Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands con il capitalismo nel XIX e nel XX secolo
This paper presents a comparative study of the development of democratic socialism in Germany and Great Britain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The prevailing opinion that the two major social democratic workers’ parties, the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Labour Party, represent different types of workers’ parties is dismissed. Instead, many parallels and similarities are discussed and it is argued that different ideological and organizational developments must be contextualized according to situations instead of being attributed to inherently different character traits. Particular attention is paid to both parties’ attitudes toward capitalism and in this context, it becomes clear that for a long time both parties preferred an abolition of capitalism to democratic political reforms, which led to democratic deficits.
Bernhard Weidinger - «Burschenschaften», nazionalismo «völkisch» e il confl itto sull’Alto Adige/Südtirol dopo il 1945
Burschenschaften, as a particular type of German-nationalist student fraternity, have partaken in shaping Austrian politics in numerous ways since the nineteenth century. Based on sources from fraternity archives, this article addresses their involvement in the conflict over South Tyrol. It assesses the importance awarded to the topic by Austrian Burschenschaften, portrays the various ways in which they intervened in the conflict, and assesses how these interventions influenced the course of events. Particular attention is given to the central role of fraternity members in the conflict’s violent escalation in the 1960s. On a more general level, the case serves to illustrate the differences between a völkisch (rigidly ethno-nationalist and anti-individualist) perspective on ethnic and minority rights, and a universalist-democratic approach.
Martin Knoll - Spunti perialpini su turismo e trasformazione regionale in Europa
The article deals with the nineteenth- and twentieth-century history of tourism, a phenomenon recently labeled by historian John K. Walton as «the world’s most powerful and pervasive cluster of commercial and industrial activities» with enormous social, cultural, and environmental impact. Advocating a regional history perspective on tourism in Europe, the article comments on recent historiography focusing on the connection between tourism development and regional change. Regional history as well as tourism history are historiographical subdisciplines with strong interdisciplinary links. One aim of this paper is to evaluate the analytical potential of different concepts of regionality based in different disciplines. A further topic is the role of different kinds of mobility as prerequisites of tourism-induced regional change. Finally, light is shed on the history of tourism and regional change from the angle of cities, urbanity, and city-hinterland-relations.